Ukufunda ukuthi yini ukugcina isikhathi sokushisa nokushisa kwe-AHU?

Izimiso Eziyinhloko Zokulawula Ukushisa Nokumelana Nokushisa Kwe-AHU

Indlela Amakhoyili Okushisa/Okupholisa Alawula Ngayo Izinga Lokushisa Lomoya Ngokuqondile

Indlela eyinhloko yokulawula izinga lokushisa ngokuhlakanipha emaqenjini okulawula umoya (AHU) ivela kuma-coil okushisa nawokupholisa. Lapho amanzi apholile edlula kulezi zinsimbi, apholisa umoya ophakelayo ngaphansi kwephuzu lomthunzi okusiza ukuqeda umswakama ngesikhathi esifanayo. Amaphayiphu amanzi ashisayo noma umusi asebenza ngendlela ehlukile ngokwengeza ukushisa okulawulwayo emfudlaneni womoya. Izinhlelo zanamuhla zanamuhla zingagcina amazinga okushisa emoyeni wokukhipha ngaphakathi kwesigamu sezinga eliphansi kakhulu ngenxa yalawo ma-PID controller asezingeni eliphezulu. Lezi zilawuli zilungisa njalo lapho kuvulwa khona ama-valve ngokusekelwe kulokho okuboniswa izinzwa ngesikhathi sangempela. Lonke lolu hlelo luzivumelanisa kahle nezimo eziguqukayo, njengokuthi abantu bahamba ezindaweni ezithile noma lapho isimo sezulu ngaphandle sishintsha ngokuzumayo. Ukuqhekeka okukhethekile kokushisa okwenziwa ngokuvamile ngezinto ze-polyamide phakathi kwezingxenye ezihlukahlukene zekhoyili kuvimbela ukushisa okungafuneki. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ekugcineni amazinga okushisa eqinile ezindaweni ezinjengezibalo nama-cleanroom lapho ngisho nokwehluka okuncane kunendaba kakhulu.

Izinsiza Zokususa Amaphetha: Ukususa Amaphetha Ngokuphakanyiswa Kwamandla vs. Ukwenza Amaphetha Ngokusebenza Kakhulu

Ukudluliswa kwamaphetha kusebenza ngemithambo emibili eyingqayizivele:

• Ukususa amaphetha ngokuphakanyiswa kwamandla , lapho izikhumba zokuchitha zihlula isikhati sezinye ngaphezulu kwe-dew point yayo, futhi amaphetha aphakanyiswe kuzikhumba futhi azwale kusuka kuzo. Le ndlela iyasebenza kakhulu emazwe aphakathi kwezindawo eziphakeme kakhulu kwezinhlobo zezinye, njengalokhu kwezwe lezintandabuzo.
• Ukwenza amaphetha ngokusebenza kakhulu , okuyinto ekunikeza i-steam noma amaphetha anguqukile ngamathuba okuhambisa uma uhlu lwamaphetha kwezindawo (RH) ayiphansi kweyilinganiswe—kubhekene ngezinsuku zomkhosi noma kwezindawo eziphakeme kakhulu.

Ukuthola ibhalansi efanele kubaluleke kakhulu. Lapho amasongo okuhlanza amanzi emvula emikhulu kakhulu, agcina edinga amandla amaningi kakhulu okufudumeza. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma ama-humidifier engalingani kahle nendawo, awakwazi ukugcina umswakama ophakeme kunamazinga aphansi lapho ebhekene nalezo zimo ezibandayo nezomile esivame ukuzibona. Ukwakhiwa kohlelo oluhle kudinga ukubala kahle umthwalo ongabonakali ukuze kutholakale ukuthi iyiphi ingxube esebenza kangcono ukugcina i-RH izinzile cishe phakathi kuka-plus noma -5%. Futhi ungakhohlwa nangamapani okuhambisa amanzi. Kumelwe zikhothame kahle ngokuvumelana nezindinganiso ze-ASHRAE Guideline 18. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuzigqokisa ngento elwa namagciwane kusiza ekuvimbeleni zonke izinhlobo zamagciwane amabi ekukhuleni phakathi nalezo zikhathi zokuqina okuvame kakhulu kulezi zinhlelo.

Izingxenye Ezithuthukisiwe Ze-AHU Zokulawula Okuthembekile Kwezinga Lokushisa Nomswakama We-AHU

Ama-desiccant dehumidifiers nama-steam humidifiers ezindaweni ezibucayi ze-RH ephansi nephakeme

Amadhumidifieri ase-desiccant ayasebenza ngokuchemikala ukususa umsindo kuselulekini, okuyavumela ukuthi bakhangelwe amaqhinga amancane ase-5% RH emazweni apho kudingeka ukuthi kube mncane kakhulu, njengamaphoyisa okuproducwa kwe-semiconductor. Lezi zindawo zidinga lezi zimo zokushisa ngoba noma yiziphi izinyathelo zomsindo zingakwazi ukubangela izinkinga zokugqibela kwesithembiso esingasiza ekuvuleni izinto ezisenzekileyo. Ngaphakathi kwalokho, amaphoyisa we-pharmaceutical ayisebenzisa amahumidifieri ase-steam ngaphandle kokunye. Lezi zixhuma umsindo omuhle ongena ngaphandle kwezinyathelo ukuze kubhekwe ukuthi iqhinga libe lomkhulu ngaphansi kwe-halp ase-1% RH. Lokhu kusiza ukuthi izinto zingakwazi ukususa umsindo futhi zihlale zilungile ngaphakathi kwezinsuku eziningi. Amakhombo amaningi ase-modern ayincikelela lezi zithembiso zokubuyela kwe-enthalpy ezingaphakathi kwezimbili lezi zikhombisi. Lezi ziqhinga zisiza ukuthi sifunde amakhanda emali ngaproximately 25–40% kulokho okusebenzayo kusasa. Ukukhangelwa kahle kwezinqumo zomsindo kuyisisekelo esikhulu ngaphakathi kwezinkambo zokusebenza kwe-air handling units ozinamandla okusebenza ngamandla amabili. Ukukhangelwa kahle kuzosiza ukuthi asikwazi ukubheka izinkinga zokufika kwe-condensation ozosinga ukuthi kubhekwe isebenza sokuproducwa futhi kubhekwe ubukhulu bezinto zokuproducwa ngaphakathi kwezinkambo zokuproducwa.

Ukuqamba ukuqhuma okushisayo nokuvimbela ukufudumala ezindaweni ezinezinga lokushisa eliphindwe kabili

Izinto zokuphula ukushisa ezifana nezingqinamba ze-polyamide zisiza ukugcina imisinga yomoya efudumele nebandayo ihlukanisiwe ngaphakathi kwamayunithi okuphathwa komoya. Ngokwenhlolo-vo yakamuva ye-ASHRAE, amaphesenti angaba ngu-74 ezinkinga zokungcola ezikhungweni empeleni zivela kumagciwane akhula ngenxa yezinkinga zokuqina. Lapho ama-thermal break aklanywe kahle, ayamisa ukuhlangana kwamazinga okushisa futhi agcine umehluko wamazinga okushisa ungaphezu kuka-30°C ngaphandle kokubangela ukujiya. Lezi zivimbeli ezikhethekile zinciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwamandla okuhlobene nokuqina ngamakhulu angu-15 kuya kwangu-22 ngonyaka. Ezinye izinyathelo ezibalulekile zihlanganisa ukufaka amapaneli okufinyelela angawodwa nokuqinisekisa ukuthi kukhona izithiyo eziqhubekayo zomusi kulo lonke uhlelo. Zihlangene, lezi zindlela zivikela izingxenye zangaphakathi ukuba zingaminzi ezindaweni lapho amazinga omswakama evame ukuba phezulu kakhulu phakathi nokusebenza okuvamile.

Ukugxilwa, Ukuziphatha Ngokuzenzakalelayo, nokubonisa Ukusebenza Kwempilo

Ukugxilwa kwe-BAS: Ukubuyela Kwemibono Yomgqa, Ukulungisa I-PID, nokufunda Ukuchazwa Kwamaphethini Okuhle

Ukuthola ukulawula okuhle kokushisa nomswakama kusuka kumayunithi okulawula umoya kuncike ngempela ekubeni nesimiso esiqinile sokusebenzisa izakhiwo. Uhlelo lokubuyisa ulwazi oluvimbelayo luhlala luhlola lokho izinzwa ezikulinganisayo ngokuqhathaniswa namanani okuhlosiwe, okwenza uhlelo luzivumelanise ngokuzenzakalelayo nama-valve, ama-damper, nama-humidifiers lapho kudingeka. Ukucushwa kwe-PID kusiza ukuba kulungiswe kahle ukuze uhlelo luphendule ngokushesha ngaphandle kokuya kude kakhulu noma ukuzungeza kakhulu. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ezindaweni ezinjengezibalo zemithi lapho ngisho nokushintsha okuncane kwezinga lokushisa okungu-plus noma -0.5° kungonakalisa imikhiqizo yonke. Sincoma ukuba kwenziwe ukuhlolwa kwonyaka kusetshenziswa izindinganiso ze-NIST ezingalandeleka ukuze kugcinwe izinzwa zinembile ngoba ukufundwa okuhambayo kungesinye sezizathu eziyinhloko zokwehluleka kwalezi zinhlelo. Izinkinga eziningi zivela ezinzwa ezingalondolozwanga kahle ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ezindaweni ezibucayi, faka izinzwa zokuvikela, setha ukuxilongwa okuzenzakalelayo ukuze ubone izinkinga kusenesikhathi, bese uhlola yonke inqubo yokulawula ngezimo ezihlukahlukene zomthwalo ngaphambi kokufaka konke ekusebenzeni.

Izindlela Zokubonisa Isibonelo: Ukuhlungulwa Kwemiphumela Yelaboratori (Ukuguqula Kwezinsuku ±0.3°C — Ukuguqula Kwemisebenzi)

Indawo Yebiotech yaphumelela ngokuphindeleka kwezinkampani zokubuyisela izindawo ezihlukene, okubhekene ne-±0.3°C yokuguqula kwesikhathi esikodwa kwezinkampani zelaboratori zakho. Ukuhlungulwa kokuchazwa kwakubonisa ukuthi izinhlobo zokuhlanza zokuhlola ukushelela kanye nezinhlobo zokuhlanza zokuphatha okungafanelekileyo ziyagcina ukugcina kwezinkampani zokuhlola nokuguqula kwemisebenzi. Ukuzimisa okungu-$220,000 kubekuye kufaka:

1. Ukubuyisela konke izinhlobo zokuhlola ukushelela nokuhlola isikhathi ngezinhlobo ezinokwenzeka ukuthi zibonakaliswe ngu-NIST,
2. Ukuphatha kabusha izinhlobo zokuphatha ngokusebenzisa iziprofili zokusebenzisa ngempela kanye neziprofili zokusebenza,
3. Ukudibanisa ukuhlola ukushelela kwezinkampani zokuhlola ukuthi kuboneke ngokuphambuka ukugcina kwezinkampani zokuhlola.
   Emva kokwenza lokhu, ukushelela kwesikhathi kuhlelwe kwi-±0.1°C, okuvula ukuguqula kwemisebenzi kanye nokugcina kwezinkampani zokubuyisela—okubonisa ukuthi ukuguqula okuncane kahlela ukuphatha okungafanelekileyo noma ukuphatha okungafanelekileyo kungathinta ngokuphambuka ukusebenza nokuthinta kwemali.

Izinkinga Eziningi Zokugcina Kwayo Kwaye Izindlela Zokuzimisa Okubonakalayo Zokuhlola Ukushelela Kwezinkampani Zokuhlola

Izinhlangano ze-AHU ezenziwe ngokuhle kakhulu zihlala zizokhula izinkinga zonke isikhathi. Izisensori zihlala ziyodlula ngokuphakanyiswa kwesikhali sika-0.5°C noma ngama-5% okuhambisana nokuhlanzwa kwezinye izindawo ngaphakathi kwesikhathi. Ukufuthwa kwe-coil yindlela enkulu yokuzokhula okungahlinzeki, okungaba yinkululeko yokuqeda ukubuyela kwamandla ngemitha emibili nezintathu. Kwaye kunezinkinga zonke zokuphatha i-dew points ngokuphelele. Ukuphatha ukuhlanzwa kuyisibindi esikhulu kubabili abaningi. Ngokwesicelo sesayensi se-ASHRAE, izinkampani ezimbili nezintathu zezindawo zokusebenza zihlala zizokhula ukugcina izindawo zokuhlanzwa zokuphelele ngaphandle kokukhokha amasosha amaningi ekhaya. Kuyinto eyodwa yezinkinga ezinhliziyo zokuphatha i-HVAC.

Ukuzulazula kahle kuyadlula ngokwakha kwezikhathi zokuphatha kanye nezikhathi zokuhlola ngokuphelele. Kufanele izinsiza eziphambili zihlolwe ngokulingana nezinhlobo zokuhlinzekileyo zaseNIST ngeminyaka yezintathu, futhi izikhathi zokuhlola kwezinkampani zokugcina isikhati sokugcina kufanele zihlolwe ngomnyaka ngamnyaka ukuze ziqinisekise ukuthi ziyagcina ngokuphelele. Uma ubhekene nempilo yezindawo ezinomthwalo wokushisa, ungakhohlwa ngokushintsha imithombo yokuqondisa ngokushesha. Okokuqala, hlole ukuthi izinto zokusebenza ziyasebenza ngokuphelele — bheka ukuthi izihlangothi zokushisa ngokushisa kwamanzi ziyicleani na kungani izihlangothi zokugcina amanzi ziyadlula ngokukhona kokuphelele. Izilayili zokutshela izinto zokusebenza kwezindawo zokuphatha izindawo (BAS) zingakubona ukuthi izikhathi zokudlula kwezikhathi zokuphatha (PID) zidla ngokuphelele, okuyisibonelo sokuthi kunezinkinga zokuphatha ngokuphelele ngokuphakeme kwe-42%. Uma izinkinga ziyaphila emva kwezikhathi lezi, kuyakwenzeka ukuthi uzame ukuzulazula izinye izinye izinqakamba zokuphatha kwezindawo zokuphatha izindawo ngokwahlukanisa. Zulazula izinqakamba zokuphatha, ukushisa, nokushisa ngokushisa ngokwahlukanisa ukuze uqinisekise lapho izivali ezingavumelekile, izihlangothi, noma izihlangothi zokuphatha zingasendaweni. Ukuphatha ngokuphelele kwezinye izinye kufanele kwenziwe. Ukucleana kwezincam, nokubuyisela izifilti ngeminyaka yezintathu kususa ngokuphelele kwe-80% yokuphatha okungafanele. Amasosha athi ayasebenza ngalesi siqondiso sokuphatha ngokuphelele ayabona ukuthi kunezinkinga zokuphatha ngokuphelele ngokuphakeme kwe-57%, futhi izinkampani zabo ziyadlula ngokuphelele ngokuphakeme kungani kufanele zibuyiselwe.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Yiziphi izingxenye eziyinhloko ze-AHU zokulawula izinga lokushisa nomswakama?

Ama-AHU asebenzisa amakhoyili okushisa nawokupholisa ukuze alawule izinga lokushisa komoya, kuyilapho izinhlelo zokufaka umoya omningi nokwenza umswakama zilawula umswakama. Izakhi ezithuthukile zihlanganisa ama-desiccant dehumidifiers, ama-steam humidifiers namasondo okubuyisela i-enthalpy.

Izinto zokuphula ukushisa ziwusizo kanjani ekusebenzeni kahle kwe-AHU?

Izinto zokuphula ukushisa, njengezithiyo ze-polyamide, zivimbela ukushintshaniswa kokushisa okungafuneki ngaphakathi kwama-AHU, ngaleyo ndlela kugcinwe umehluko wokushisa kwangaphakathi ngaphandle kokubangela ukuqina, kunciphise ubungozi bokungcola, futhi kunciphise ukulahleka kwamandla.

Kungani ukulinganiswa kahle kwezinzwa kubalulekile ekusebenzeni kwe-AHU?

Ukuhlolwa kahle kwezinzwa kuqinisekisa ukulawulwa okunembile kokushisa nomswakama. Ukuphazamiseka ekufundeni kwezinzwa kungaholela ekusebenzeni okungasebenzi kahle kwesistimu, kuthinte ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo futhi kwandise izindleko zokusebenza.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezivamile zokusebenza kwe-AHU futhi zingaxazululwa kanjani?

Izinkinga eziphakathi kuzoba ngokuguqula kwesensha, ukufuthwa kwesikhumba, nokuzimisela kokuhlanza. Lokhu kungasolwa ngokwenza ukulungisa okuphakathi, ukubuka, ukucisha, nokulungisa isistimu ngokubonakalisa kwezinto ezihlukene ekufundweni kwemibhalo yezinkinga.