Yaya za a zabi ahu don Data Centers

Fahimtar Idojin AHU: CRAC vs. CRAH don Kama Na Data Center

Babban farko bayan CRAC da CRAH idoji a halayen da suka shafi

Hanyoyin tsayawa da ke amfani da su Masinin Tsayawa na Furo (CRAC) da Masinin Tsayawa na Furo (CRAH) sun fara daban-daban. Masinin CRAC na yauyukan suna yi aiki kamar masinin tsayawa na yauyuka, tare da amfani da tsarin cire refrigerant. A halin da ruwa mai tsanyi taushe refrigerant ta kasa, ta karɓe hankali daga sama mai zafi na server. Bayan haka, tsarin CRAH ke yi hanyar baya tare da coils na ruwa mai tsanyi. Lokacin da sama ke tafiye coils, ta tsayu shi ba tare da buƙatar tsarin refrigerant a wurin da ya ke. Wanda ya haɗa CRAH zuwa masu chiller na uku, wanda ke sa su su sabbin mahadiyar kewaye. Idan muka duba bayanan mahadiyar thermal, muna ga cewa tsarin CRAC suna gudanarwa kamar 30% kewaye don kowane ton tsayawa da ke kyauta. Don haka yawan data centers ke zauna biyan CRAH lokacin da ke gudanarwa ayyukan girma da ke fara mahadiya.

Matsayin aikawa: Lokacin da za a zigo CRAC vs. CRAH a wani data center

Wajen ruwan shafin kuncinta da ba su da wuce 500kW, kayan CRAC suna aiki sosai saboda suna sauƙi zuwa sauya kuma suka da kudaden farawa mai fi sana, wanda ke sa su zama zaɓuɓun zaɓuwa yayin inganta alajiji mai karancewa. Bayan haka, kayan CRAH suna buƙatar investiment din bada amma suna gabata a cikin data centers mai yawa inda yankin mututu ya wuce 1 megawatt. Wasu tsarin chiller da suke samun cold water suna iya hada da configuresonin server mai girma sosai yiwuwa don bayan air based alternatives, musamman lokacin da aka yi lafiya da rack densities daga 15 zuwa 30 kilowatts per cabinet area. Kudaden da aka rage game da maintenance da biyan mututu a makonar lokaci manya yanzu ke nuna cewa masu karbi cinar farawa mai girma. Wasu shagon na hakika sun sami nasara da hanyoyin mixed. Zasu iya bawa CRAH yin rawar tushen yawo kuma kula CRAC units a standby wajen kowane lokacin da wasu kwamfuta suna buƙata kare mahadi. Wannan nau'in setup yana ba shagon duk sarari da iya canzawa har ma abubuwan da suke buƙata computing su canza.

Haɗinwa tsarin AHUs da sauran kayan HVAC a cikin yankunan data center

Samun natiijin sha'awa daga kayan gwamnatin ruwa (air handling units) ya kasance ne a tsaye kan yadda kama su haɗe da duk wadannan sauran tsararuke. Kayan CRAC da CRAH suna ayyukan sauya yayin da suke cikin tsarin gwamnatin ruwa masu hankali kamar wadannan tsararuke na hot/cold aisle containment wanda duk shi ke talk. Ga wasu binciken ASHRAE, waɗannan hanyoyin haɗinwa na iya kawo taimakon tsaron ruwa a tsakanin 25% zuwa 40% a data centers. Wadannan kayan bayani ba su ayyukan guda bala. Duk da haka suna bukatar hada da tsarin otomatikin gida don mutanen su iya canza halayyin kai tsaki. Kayan CRAH masu amfani suna haɗe da tsararuke na ruwan sardabada (chilled water systems) da kayan tsaron ruwa (cooling towers), yayin da CRACs masu amfani suna haɗe da tsararuke na condenser. Lokacin da duk abubuwa su haɗe daidai, muna ga tasiri mai zurfi a cikin yankin sayayya, zanin kewayon kudaden kowane abu, sai dai kuma samar da halayyin ruwa wanda sayayya suke amfani da su don aiki mai zurfi.

Kiyaye Iyakar Hanyar Aiki da Kwaynewa Don Samun Karin Yanke Data Center

Koyarwa TSYS na AHU don samun abun ciki mai yawa da kewayon kuskure

Kayan dendin data suke iya amfani da N+1 ko 2N wajen karewa a cikin kayan haɗa sama (AHUs) domin tsawon lafiya, sannan yadda kuma ingantacciyar hankali zai ci gaba. Lokacin da kayan aiki na farko ya daina, kayan aiki mai zurfi suna shigo ne a matsayin kula da hankali ba tare da kama'a. Alajar da aka kwatanta Tier III ko IV masu amfani da wadannan nukarin samun sauri na 99.98% zuwa kusan 99.995% saboda wadannan nukarin, wanda ke tabbatawa kuwar da ukuwan da kula da kai tsakanin miliyan, saboda kowane awa ta kama'a zai biya da miliyan. Duk da wadannan abubuwan mahimmanci kamar fans da compressors da suka sami tasiri daga lambobi biyu, aljibba ta airflow ta sharu, da sauya masu kara koyaushe kan yadda abubuwa duk suke yi. Duk wadannan abubuwa su dace ne su aiki tare da karewa kamar yadda suka samu maƙhalifa domin gyara abubuwa bata kama'a.

Tambayarka game da karewa da kewayar kewayar AHU

Tafiye tafiyen sauya abubuwan da ke da kyau ba tare da kawowa kama da kwayoyin hankali wato yadda ke cinyawa na amfanin kewayon mutane suna da shakka akan haka. Alabbarin canza datsuka, ko kamar yadda ake kira su ne 'Variable frequency drives' (VFDs) sun zama abubuwa masu iya canza halayen a cikin wannan yanar gizo. Wadannan alalbbari na iya kawowa datsuka lokacin da baya kamata masa kewayon sanya, wanda ya kawo kewayon amfanin kewayon zuwa ga 25% zuwa 30% a lokutan da za'a kamata masa. Yanayin alalbbaren samar da ruwa ta hanyar “modular air handling unit” suna bada hakan gurbin halin. A cikin waɗannan tsarin, kawai kayan nazarin da suke bukatar rungume ne su rufe yayin da yake tafiya, sai dai kuma sun kama da ido adduwalin da muke kira su ne N+1 sai dai kuma sun kama da amfanin kewayon kewayon (PUE) ga kowanne mai amfani da babu sanin kalmar. Tsarin kontoron smart take things even further by turning on backup equipment only when temperatures start going above safe limits. Wasu daga cikin data centers masu iya yawan bayanai sun karu PUE scores under 1.2, wanda ke kallon kallo saboda yawan bayanan a sararin suna da PUE around 1.6 ko mai fi.

Gudanwar Tsarin Tattara da PUE Ta Hanyar Zabinta Na ihaƙurar AHU

Yaushe AHU zabin ke tsayawa Aiki Samun Hana (PUE)

Zaɓin ƙasaifin gini na hankali yana iya kirkirar karin tasowa a cikin amfani da kudaden, ko kuma PUE, wanda ke nuna yadda yawa daga kujeran kujen gida suna tafiye zuwa amfani da abubuwan IT dibu daya. Tsarin taguwa kawai yana ƙunshi take 30 zuwa 40% daga kujeran kuje dukko. Don haka, samun AHUs mai kyau tare da kayan tsere taqaiyar variable frequency drives da finkasan electronically commutated yana iya canza abu. Wadannan kayi na iya rage amfani da kudkuden har maƙaɗia uku a wasu lokuta. Lokacin da shigogin gini sun dace tare da irin wurin da ke fito ne daga rukunan server, wadannan compressor mai girma bai kamata su kuskure a matsayin haka, wanda ya faɗa wa alama ce ta hanyar rage amfani da kudkude. Saboda kowane 10% sanya a cikin buƙatar taguwa, mu kaɗa mu ga takardar 0.07 a cikin mahara PUE. Tacewar sauyin AHU a cikin data centers suna ba da sauƙi a kudkuden baki ba tare da karyata ikon kama da tsawon girman shigojin shiga.

Takaitaccen halin: AHUs mai kyau yana kirkirar sanya PUE a cikin data centers na Tier III

Dalan wani data center na ƙungiya ta tattaunawa daga baya da aka iya kara sauki daidai ne a cikin 18 kwanan wata, sun kara sauki daidai ne daga 1.62 zuwa 1.35 bayan sauya sabon abubuwan gina Air Handling Units. Wanne shi ne baƙin farko? Sun kafa abubuwan gina da suka sami tsarin yin hannu (variable frequency drive), sauya tsarin machine learning mai zurfi wanda ke saukawa tsarin taguwa bisa damar mayar da kayan computer duk lokaci, kuma sun kare hanyoyin ruwa don karin taguwa kada ruwan sanyi da ruwan farfaru su kaɗa. Adadin bayani kuma yana nuna hali mai kyau: nau'ar sauƙi na taguwa ya kasance har ma 28%, amfani da dukaɗan dollar 240k kowace shekara, yayi karya gasolin na albarkatu kamar yadda ya barci 85 na albakaka a kan hanyoyin magana. Duk wadannan abubuwa suna nuna cewa kowane iyakokin zaman lafiya, amfani da AHU mai sauƙi bai zama amfani kawai ga uku amma kuma yana da mahimmanci ga hannun duniya.

Suyun Tsari, Taimakewa da Fara Takardar Hanyar Sauke-sauke na AHU

Suyun AHUs don yankuna da data center don yanki da su daga baya

Samun saizi mai kyau na kayan aiki na hada ruwa suna da mahimmanci idan muna so mu kare wasansa kowane hankali da mu kare shi ne. Lokacin da AHUs suka bada girma, suna kawai samun kafin su kashe kafin su kara, wanda ke kare shi ne a matsayin abin da ba ya dace ba. A wani mataki, kayan aiki da suka gudaƙawa ba za su iya kare karfin ruwa lokacin da yake fiye, kuma zai halarta zuwa tsibabbin uwar hannu. Samun saizi mai kyau yana bukatar duba abin da kayan aiki na IT tana bawa yanzu, kuma inda zata ci gaba a cikin shekaru masu zuwa. Kuma an yi alkawari kan girman rack a yau, wasu suna tafi da 20kW per rack. Muhimmin kuma shine neman kara mahimmanci kamar N+1. Dubawa ta kayan aiki a lokaci mai kyau yana ba da damar sarrafa mai amfani ya karkata sauri da yadda yake aiki. Wannan tsarin yin amfani yana kare kudaden biyan kuɗi daga 15% zuwa 30%, yayin da ke kiyaye aiki a matsayin daidai, ko raƙumin aiki ya kasance babba ko mai.

Tsari na AHU mai yunƙuma don kama da matsalolin ruwa kuma kara taimakawa wuri

Tsarin AHU mai yunƙuma suna ba da hanyoyin ruwa mai mahimmanci da yunƙuma wanda ke aiki kyau lokacin da ruwa ce babu ko kamar yadda gida ke karuwa. Iyakar da aka testa a takalmi zai iya shigarwa a kungiyoyi. Farko yunƙumai zasu yi amfani da buƙatar farawa yayin da wasu sauran yunƙumai zasu haɗuwa a gaba yayin da yake karuwa. Abin da ya sa waɗannan tsarin su zamace shine kowaci yunƙuma yana runzo tauna, don haka gyara baya zai neman shut down duka. Kuma suna kara taimakawa wadanda aka call su N+1 redundancy a kowane abubuwan yunƙuma. Hanyoyin halartawa masu alaƙa tsakanin yunƙumai suna sa hannuwa a iyakar da su haɗuwa zuwa tsarin da suke da su kuma sakawa a gaba yayin da ake buƙata. Yiwuwar yunƙuma ta kawo rage 35 zuwa 40% akan lokacin shigarwa dibé kan hanyoyin na jaha. Sai dai kuma ta stop kompaniyoyi daga saye matakan da wayar bayan su ne a yanzu, ta kawo wuri da ke kama da abubuwan da kasuwanci ke buƙata.

Yin amfani da Smart Controls da Mudewar Gudu don AHU Efficiency

Haɗawa AHUs da tsarin kontin inteliĵent (misali, IDCM) don gwajawa a lokacin da aka makala

Kada amsauƙan gwaji na hawa suna haɗuwa zuwa cikin tsarin kontin smart kamar IDCM, suna iya yiyan sauya halayen real time da ke bukatar mu a yauwan. Tsarun basu suna da sensoro wanda ke duba abubuwan kamar girman zafi, yadda yake mamaye a cikin, da ma ake happening tare da yanayin flow na hawa. Base don abin da suwani, waɗannan tsarorai za suyi sauya girman fan da sauya wurin damper inda ake bukata. Wanda ya kawo shi ne algorithim mara inganci wanda ke fahimtar lokacin da za a bukata gyara zafi a lokacin da aka amfani da shi. Kind of foresight this helps cut down on overall energy consumption somewhere around 30 percent according to most reports. Masu dade duka da suka nuna waɗannan halayen suna koyon bayani game da yadda Power Usage Effectiveness metrics suka kama daga roughly 1.6 zuwa har zuwa 1.4 over time. Idan kana da controls wanda ke aiki da kyau don gamsar da wasu canje-canje ba zata kamata koda kake so ka iya kara kwarewa yayin da karyayyakar kayan ayyuka suna taka rawa.

Kayan dakin sa hannu na airflow don kawo tsarin hadara ta AHU zuwa tsarin cooling

Kama da shigowa da ke tsaye ta hanyoyin kamar hot aisle ko cold aisle isolation yana kare airflow mai zurfi da mai sanyi su ka zo, wanda yana sa suyi aiki mai kyau cikin AHUs. Ideyan shine simple a matsayin: nuna abubuwan mai sanyi domin su yi wajen wurin su ne a cikin samfurori, yayin da take abubuwan mai zurfi duk da suka fuskuta. Bamoci na nuna wannan tsarin zai iya ƙara saukin yankin bayani daga 25% zuwa 40%. Ga wanda baki so ya gudanar da wannan tsarin, akwai abubuwa masu muhimmanci mafi yiwuwa a yi masa. Iya waɗannan ƙarami game da kayan cable, sauya wasu panels inda ba a ɗauki shi da kayan racks, kuma yi buji kan wasu tiles na farfara wanda ke sarrafa pressure a jere. Sanya control systems na mahirika a cikin tsarin, kuma alaka da ma'amalin da aka kwatanta Tier III zai iya save roughly 20% akan energy da ba a amfani da ita ba. Wannan haɓakar tafiye-tafiye ta yi kyau ga data centers suna bukatar yin aiki da wani waje mai girman yawa ba tare da kashin biyan karancewar uwar hannu.

Tambayoyi Masu Yawan Faruwa

AHU yana nufin wanne ne a cikin tsarin HVAC?

AHU yana nufin Unit Na Tsarin Gudu, wanda ke wakili abubu da ke mahimmanci a cikin tsarin HVAC yayin da ke tsayar da kuma guddumar da gudu.

Wanne ne farkoƙin bayan CRAC da CRAH units?

CRAC units take amfani da tsarin refrigerant yayin da ke gyara gudu, yayinsa CRAH units take amfani da coil na ruwa mai sanyi don gyara gudu, wanda ke kawar da CRAH zai kasance mai karfin kiyaye kuduri.

Wannan lokaci AHU dole ne ya zaɓi CRAH darusa CRAC?

CRAH units suna da kyau ga data center mai girman suke buƙe kwari daya mai watt (megawatt) ko fi sa, suna ba da kyau a doro-doron halayen server masu kankanta kuma mai karfin kiyaye kuduri.

Me PUE ne kuma me kake mahimmanci shi?

PUE ko Power Usage Effectiveness yana nukarin kiyaye kuduri na data center, yana nuna yadda yawa kuduren an rufe ta IT equipment dibu da kuduren da ke rufewa ta kayan ayyuka