Ukutheni Ukukhetha I-ac unit air handler Efanayo?

Ukucabanga ngolwazi lwe AC Unit Air Handler kumasevisi we HVAC

Yeyiphi i AC unit air handler nezindima zakhe kumasevisi we HVAC?

I-air handler kumasevisi we AC yisikhundla esiphumla lapho amandla efaniso edluliselwa kuzo zonke izindawo ngokusebenza kwamasevisi we ukwanda, ukuvila kanye nokulula (HVAC). Le ndawo isedwa ngaphakathi kwamagabha amabiwe neyindlela ethulwa amandla amathathu: ukulanda amandla endaweni, ukulandelela ubumnge ngezindlela zokuxazulula ukwanda, emuva koke kuthumelela amandla esetshenzisweni ngemigqa. Yini elibonisa ukubaluleka kwezi zinto? Zakhumbula ukuba amandla edlule ngokuphelele kuzo zonke izindawo, ake kuzo ukungcola kwezimali kanye nokugcina amadoti nezinye izinto ezingadonsi. Konke lokhu kusebenza ngokushesha nezinye izinto zasekhanda zomasevisi we HVAC, ukwenza ukuthi kwehlise kaphakathi kungaba nokwethemba lapho kungaba nguqulwe noma kungaba yisithawe esikhulu.

Indlela air handlers esebenzayo ngezinye izinhlobo zokulula kanye nezinhlobo zokulula

Izicathami zokulayisha zisebenza ngemvusele wokuthiwa kwenqanawa yasemakhathini. Bayeqa amandla okulula kuzo kwezinye izikwele fokuthi kuyindlela okwenza ukuthi irefrizelwe. Njengoba irefrizelwe iyohlala yonke le ndlela ethanda, kuyahlala amandla, okwakuqala kushunqwa ngumfanekiso wokulayisha. Kunganiwe noma? Irefrizelwe, manje enqunqwela yonke into ethanda, iyenza indlela eya kuyo kondenser. Kule ndaweni, iyahlala ukuthiwa kwenqanawa yasemakathini kabangela kuqala kabusho. Le ndlela yonke iyenza kabusho, uyinikeza amagumbi akhululekile ngaphandle kokuthenga kwezikhwama ezinguqu ngokwezinye izinhlelo zokulayisha.

Izicathami ezinhle zokulayisha: umfanekiso, izikwele, nezifiltri

Izicathami ezintathu eziphambene nezindlela zokusebenza kwezicathami zokulayisha:

• Ukushisa : Ifan yesikwele esiguqisa ukuthiwa kwindlela ngokwesicelo sokulayisha
• Izikwele zokulahla : Iyakuvumela ukuthi irefrizelwe nezinye izinhlobo zokulayisha zenze ukuthiwa kwenqanawa yasemakathini
• Izinkambu zamoya : Iyakuvumela ukuthi irefrizelwe nezinye izinhlobo zokulayisha zenze ukuthiwa kwenqanawa yasemakathini

Ukuzibophelela ngokohlelwa njengeziguquko zokungena ngeminyaka nezikhuthazwa zokuphutha ngonyaka kuzivikelela ukungena kwezimali futhi kuzindlela okuphileni komsindo. Izincazelo ezibophelelwe ngendlela enhle zingake uthulele ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ngama-15% futhi kungabi kwezinhloso ezingabophelelwa (ASHRAE 2022).

Iintlobo zokugcina amandla: Ukufanisa itekhnoloji nezidingo zasekhaya nezomnotho

Iikhaya labantu vs. iikhaya lemandla: Ubunzansi bokudizayina nezisebenzelo

Izinhlayiya zokuxhumana neyile yasekhaya zifumene ngezici ezincane ezifuna ngokuvumelana nezindawo eziphezulu futhi zivike kakhulu kona inqanawa. Zihambisa ngokuphezulu kwezinguquko ezingu-5,000 kubekhwe kweyile ngomzuzu noma ngaphansi koko, oku yindlela encane yasekhaya. Ngakolunye uhlango, izinhlayiya zokuxhumana neyile zokuthengisa kufakwa ngokuphezulu kweyile ngokuphezulu kwa-15,000 CFM ngokwesicelo sabasebenziswako kusukela ngoqo. Lezi zinhlayiya ezikhulu kudinga ukulawulwa kwezinhlobo zokuhlanganisa i-ductwork eziphakeme kubalekile nezimali. Izinhlayiya zasekhaya zihlala zisebenzisa izindlela ezifanele nezokwenza ngokwezimali kubasebenzisi. Kodwa xa kufika kuzo ukusethwa kwezinhlayiya zokuthengisa, abasebenzisi balethwa izinto ezifanalo nezinhlobo zezindlela ezingenhla, nezinhlobo zokulawula ezivumela abasebenzisi ukulandela ukushisha kwezinye izindawo ngokwengeziweyo ngemva kwehora.

Izinhlayiya zokuxhumana neyile zokuxhumana neyile: Isilawu esinye, ezimbili, nezinhlayiya eziguqisa isantya

• Isilawu esinye : Ivike ngokuphezulu noma ivike kakhulu kubasebenzisi abathanda ukusebenzisa izimali ezincane
• Izilawo ezimbili : Ishintsha kwi-60% noma 100% yokuthumela, ukuncipha kwezinguquko zokulinganisa ubukhulu
• Ukuhamba okuvarying : Ukuhlela ubushukeli bokukhanya kancinci kusuka kwi-40%-100%, ukugcina ubukhulu obuphelele kwi-±0.5°F

Izinhlobo zokuhamba okuvarying ziyahlula ukusebenza ngokushesha ngokuhlanganisa ubushukeli bokukhanya nezidingo zokuchazwa ngokubangelwa kwesikhathi

Izintela zokusebenza ngokuthembekileyo zokusetshenziswa kwamandla wezinhlobo zokuhamba okuvarying

Izinhlobo zokuhamba okuvarying zokukhanya kwezinyathelo zisebenzisa amandla ngama-25-40% ngaphansi kwezinyathelo ezisingcono ngokuthi:

1. Ukuntrola kahle kwehhumidithi ngokuthi ubushukeli bokukhanya baphumelele kancane
2. Izikhathi eziningi zokuthiwa kwekhumampela kwiisistimu ezipakishwayo ze-HVAC
3. Ukuphendula ngokuzenzekelayo kuzinguquko kwiqondo lokukhanya

Le nqobo lesonke liwasetshela amathekela kahulumeni kweSEER (Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio) ngaphezulu kuka-20, ukuxhumana nezindlela zokusebenza ezikhulu zikaENERGY STAR.

Imithambo yesibonelo neziningi: Ukulandelana kwehhambo, ukusebenza, nokuthambo kwegolide

Imithambo yesibonelo iyabangela amaphumaphe yamagasi nezinhlobo zokuvumela umphumaphuma wamagetsi, ukulawulwa kwezindlela zokusebenza zemvula yekuphela. Imithambo yeziphelo ezimbili ezisebenzisa amaphumaphe amabili nezinhlobo zokuxhumana zokuthambo kweECM zilawula 85% yokusebenza kweziphelo ezingu-65% yezindlela zokuthambo kudingekileyo kwezindlela zokuthambo kwezimali ephansi.

Ubukhulu nezimali: Kangakanani Ukubhala Ubukhulu kweGciyelwa le-Air Handler kwe-Air Conditioner

Ubukhulu olulodwa kwe igciyelwa le-air conditioner lithinta ngqo ukusebenza, ukhululekile, nokuthambo kwegolide. Iyunithi edlulwe ngokulodwa iyasebenza ngokuphelele ngekuthi kuthathe kakhulu, kodwa ukufinyelela kula kudinga ukubala okuphelele.

Ukufanisa Ubukhulu kwe-Air Handler Ne-Air Conditioner Yakho Nezimali Zokulula

Kukhulwa kweqile ukuthi uhlangane leli hhandler yamagama ne-BTU rating yekondensela yedolobha futhi nezidingo zokuchillisa leli galelo. Sebenzisa isibonelo se-3-ton yamagama yokuqina esebenza ngokuvamile nge-hhandler yamagama onikeza ama-cubic feet-1,200 ngokungenelela kweyure. Lokhu kuyindlela eqinisekisa ukuthi amasistimu mengenela ngokuvamile ama-CFM-400 ngotonkanyo yokuchillisa. Xa kudala kwenziwa kakhulu, izinkinga zilindile. Uma leli hhandler yamagama iphezulu, leli sitemu lizokhuluma futhi lizohlatheka ngekungabi nokuqina ukususa amagama kweyure. Ngokwesikhalo, uma kude ngaphansi, leli yuniti kufanele isebenze ngamandla ngenxa yokuchillisa leli galelo, okungenzeka ukuthi kuvule amaphoyinti okuweyana ne-30% ngokwesicelo se-HVAC industry reports zeminyaka yakamuva.

Ukuzavoida izinkinga zokubala: Ukubala ngaphansi kwezidingo vs. Ukuphezulu kwamaphela

Ukungabi nokuqala ukubala kwe-Manual J kungenzeka ukuthi kuthinte isebenza:

• Amayuniti angaphansi kwezidingo baleka ngokuphelele kwehlathi lekukhanya, kuvutha ukulahleka kwehlathi
• Izinyuku eziphakeme isenza ukushintshana kwezinkelwane nezindlela ezingatholanga zokususa amanzi

Ukubala kwezimala nezidingo ze-CFM kwekuvuleka okuphelele kwe-Airflow nefficiency

Abakhubeki basebenzisa ukubala we-Manual J ukwazi inzima yokulula ngokwesibonelo:

• Izindawo ezine-Square footage
• Imigqa yekhuphi
• Isimo sekwakhiwa
• Isimo somfula

Hlola ukuthi kune-350-400 CFM ngayinyuka kwezimala eziphakeme, kwenza ngokuncane kizindawo eziphakeme kwezimala. Airflow enempilo iyenza ukulula okuphelele kwaye ikhinda ukuthi kuthwalwe amandla okulula, oku kuzokwenzeka lapho airflow ikhuphuka kakhulu.

Ukuthuthukiswa kwekungqondo phakathi kwe-ac unit air handler kunoma yiziphi i-HVAC units zangaphandle

Kungani ukuthi isithemba siyafanayo kudinga: Ukuphakama kwe-air handler necondenser

Ukuze i-air handler isebenze ngendlela efiwayo, kudinga ukuthi ifanekane ngendlela efiwayo nenkohlwa yamagama ngaphandle uma sithanda ukuthi siphumelele kahle nokuthi kungapheli kakhulu. Lapho lezi zinto azifani ngendlela efiwayo, zizosaba ukusaba kakhulu kulokho kudinga, okungaba yindlela yokuthi ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kube phezulu ngokungenanani kwe-30% ngokwesilatela lesondlo laseminyakeni eledini. Kudinga ukuthi ukuphakama kwekungcono kuba yindlela yokuthi kube nephephandaba phakathi kwezinye izinto ezilandelayo: indlela le-refrigerant ichukuma kusistimu, izidingo zokushisa kwezinhlobo zokusebenza, nokuphelelwa kweyamagama kusitayela. Lezi zinto zonke zidinga ukuthi kubekwe kaphakathi ukuthi kunezindlela eziyisisekelo nezindlela zokuphila kwamagama.

Ukuthi SEER ratings liyafanayo nokuthi kube nephephandaba kakhulu yokushisa nokusebenza

Izixhobo zokunyukela nezokuchitha izindlela zokulinganisa SEER (Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio) ebonisa ukusebenza kokuqina. Ukuxhuma i-air handler enge-16 SEER ne-condenser enge-18 SEER ikhupha ukusebenza kweqondo eliphezulu kwezinto eziphantsi. I-EPA ibiko lula ukuba kufaneleke ngokuphelele kwezindlela zokulinganisa SEER kungenisa ukunceda okuphela kwe-$175$475 ngonyaka, ngokwesimo sekhaya.

Isibonelo: Ukungena kweqondo ngokungqinelwa kwe-air handler ne-condenser

Kunesicatfo lase 2023, abasebenzisi babheka ukuthi yini okwakhiwe lapho umnikazi wendlu yabelwe ukuthi yabelwe 3-ton variable speed air handler ngesi sinqamulelo se 4-ton condenser. Kwezinyanga zaseMhla, le kombinasi yadala imiphango ephakeme kakhulu nezindlela zokulayisha izimoto. Isisfuwa sokumaquba kweqala ukufa ngokushesha futhi ngaphakathi kwezinyanga ezilimakaya, ikhomphresela iyagqibela. Ukulungisa wonke amadoti wawukela amakhanda amabili nekhulu elishiyagalolunye kakhulu ngokwesicelo sezingcubeko. Abasebenzisi besikhangeli babo babo babengi ukuthi lapho izinhlobo zokusebenza zingcinwe kanye nezinhlobo zokulinganisa SEER kusuku lokuqala, okungu-92% kwezindaba eziwusizo awungena ngokungalingani. Izindlela zokufaka kudinga kakhulu ukuthi kungena kwezindleko eziphakeme ezingaphansi.

Ukusebenza kwezindlela zokulayisha, ukulungiswa, nokusebenza okude kwezinhlobo zokulayisha izinto

Ukucaciswa SEER, EER, ne-AFUE ukunquma kahle kwezinyathelo zokuthenga

Lokhu kakhulu ukukhetha i-ac unit air handler, qaphela lezi zikhombisa ezinhle zokusebenza ngokuthembekile:

• SEER (Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio) : Inquma yokukhanya kwezulu ngokusebenza kwezulu (okungenani 14 kuzo zinye izinhleli)
• EER (Energy Efficiency Ratio) : Inquma ukusebenza ngokuphelele kwezulu ngezimo eziyinkimbinkimbi (okungcono kuzo zinhlotywa ezikhulu)
• AFUE (Annual Fuel Utilization Efficiency) : Kusebenzisa izinhleli zokwanda (90%+ kusho ukusebenza ngokuphelele)

Ibhurelo leNkankanti liphendula ukuthi izinhlayiya zaseER 16+ zikhupha izindleko zokusebenza ngemali ezingu-450 USD ngayinyanga kunamanye amamodeli esiqa (Isivithi seHVAC se2023).

Izindlela eziphumelelayo yokufaka uhlelo ukuba kube lula ukusebenza kwe-ac unit

Ukufakwa okunguqiniso kubangela izindau ezingu-43% zokungahleli kwezinhliziyo zaseHVAC (izivithi seNREL). Izinyathelo eziphambene kuzo:

1. Ukubeka kuzipodi zokuthola ukuvumbeza
2. Ukufaka amadoti ngokubhonya (akukho duct tape)
3. Ukuzihlola ukuthere 18-24 inches wokuphakama ngokuzungezweyo
4. Ukuhanjiswa kwezilayini zokuyela kuzimanyelwe kwiinkcukacha zokwenziwa

Ilaba Lelindlela Zokuphila Elenziweyo Lelindlela Lethu Liphumele ukuthi izilayini ezimbiweyo zokuyela zingxile kakhulu 32% yezindlela zokwenza kwezilandelelo ezintsha (2023 Indlela Yonke).

Ukuphila ngokutsha: Ukubekisa ubude bokuphila ngokusebenzisa amafitra nezikhombisa

Ngeyiphi indlela ye-2024 HVAC Indlela Yokuqala, ukuphila ngokutsha kwekanga ukuphila kwekhanda yamagama ngama-40% (kubasebenza kwe-12 kuya kuma-17). Imisebenzi esemthethweni yindlela:

1. Ukushintsha amafitra : Nganye kanye-3 izinyanga (kanye nganye noma kunezilwane noma amagciwane) ukunciphisa ukusebenzela kwe-15%
2. Ukucima amakhoyili : Inkcazelo ye yonke intando yokusebenza ayiphumele 28% yindlela yokwenza kwezindlela zokucimisa
3. Ukuphila kwesilayini : Lulayisela amaphoyile kunesikati kanye; bheka ukugcinwa kwebhelti ngokwesinye sekwelini

Izinhlayiywana eziphumelela kuzo ukulandwa ngokuphelele kuzo zibekiwe kakhulu ngokwezinsuku ezi-20 futhi zilondola izinkokhelo zazo eziphezu kwezingu-95% emva kwegogo (I-ASHRAE 2023 Ukulandwa Kweguide).

Isikhombisi Sokuqala

Yini indima yomqelelo wamanzi wekhanda?

Umqelelo wamanzi wekhanda wusulela amanzi amathiselwe kuzo zonke izindawo zebandla ngenkathi wulawula ukulayela, ukugcina amanzi, futhi wulawula ukuthi amaphethole akhona.

Yini amaqelelo wamanzi athenxile kuzo ukulapha kamanzi?

Umqelelo wamanzi wulapha amanzi ngokuthi wulayela kuzo amaphoyile wefrejelitheni futhi wusulela ngaphandle ngefan yesilinda ngaphakathi kwezinhlobo.

Yiziphi izinhlobo eziphambene neyomqelelo wamanzi?

Izinhlobo eziphambene nazo kuzo kuzokungcola isilinda, amaphoyile wokulapha, futhi amafithela wamanzi.

Yini ukubonakala kwezilayo kuthinta ukusebenza komqelelo wamanzi?

Ukubonakala okuchanekile kusinikeza ukulayela okuphelele ngaphandle kokusebenzisa amaphoyile ngokukhulu, lokhu kusebenzela ukuthi kube lula futhi kube nezinhloso.

Kungakuphi ukuthi ukuthunyelwe kwezinhlizo kuhumbe kakhulu kuzinhloso zokulula kwezinhlizo?

Ukuthunyelwe phakathi kwezinhloso zokulula nezinhlizo zokugqitha kuhlandzelana nokusebenza ngokushesha kwaye kuvikele ukuthi izinhlizo zingagqithi ngokushesha.